The Greek words photo (-> light), litho (-> stone) and graphic (-> writing) exactly describe this process. The first imaging technique involving light was developed about 1826 by Joseph Nicephore Niépce who invented the first real photolithography method. Movable metallic letters placed in a printing frame allowed for the first time to produce many copies of a text. A revolutionary improvement was Gutenberg’s letterpress in 1450. By these means, a text could also be reproduced. Each character was carved mirror-inverted into a wooden panel, the shapes then rubbed in with colour and pressed onto paper. Already in the 1st century AD, the Diamond Sutra (“The diamond that cuts through illusion”) was produced in China with wood block printing. Imaging for microelectronics is rooted in both printing technology and photography.
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